Gabon , formally the Republic of Gabon ( French : Republique gabonaise , eg. Gabonese Republic), is a republic and sovereign state at the equator of western Central Africa . The country borders on Cameroon , Congo-Brazzaville , Equatorial Guinea and the Atlantic . From being a slave station for Portuguese since arriving in 1483, Gabon came to France after 1842. The French Navy struck down the ongoing slave trade and liberated captured people at a place along the coast called Libreville . Following the Declaration of Independence, France has continued to play a role in the country’s policies and in its relatively successful economy, based on the oil industry.
The original inhabitants of this rainforest-like equatorial land were probably pygmies . Today, Fang is the largest group of people. But the 30-year-old government for President Omar Bongo (a member of the coalition converted to Islam in 1973 under the influence of Libya ) rested on a coalition designed to exclude power from power. The widespread dissatisfaction with this policy led to the introduction of a multi-party system in 1991. Since then, the country has developed into a stable nation, but is far from being a democracy.
Geographically, the country is a coastal plain characterized by sandbanks and lagoons interrupted by Ogooué’s broad estuary. Gabon is dominated by the forested river basin of this great water vein, which, with its tributaries, traverses 60% of the country’s surface. The Bypasses flow down from the African Central Plateau north towards Equatorial Guinea and Cameroon and from Congo-Brazzaville to the East and South.
In the early 1970s, before the production of oil and manganese had started, high-quality wood was one of the main export goods. This includes gabon , ebony and walnut . Even today, as much as two-thirds of Gabon’s total area consists of untouched rainforest, but the completion of the Trans-Gaboranian railway from the port city of Owendo at Libreville to downtown Masuku in 1986 presumably leads to exploitation of the wood raw materials.
Gabon has abundant mineral resources. Here, about a quarter of the world’s known manganese reserves are found , and the country is the world’s fourth largest producer of manganese. France imports most of its uranium demand from Gabon. Half of today’s gross domestic product comes from the oil . Looking at this figure and comparing it to Gabon’s small population, one gets an erroneous impression of the country’s GDP (PPP) per capita, which hides the real fact that more than half of the country’s population is still self-sufficient peasants. A wide social divide separates the rural residents from the urban elite, and the country is struggling with economic problems.
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